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租房必看(2007年7月更新)

租房必看(2007年7月更新)

书面租约一般内容及条款:
(1)租金金额及每月缴交租金日期
(2)租约有效期
(3)租客人数
(4)按金
(5)有关费用的负担及责任
(6)饲养宠物的限制与否
(7)停车位
(8)有关装修等条件

关于按金:
(1)业主可要求租客缴付按金。但业主必须在成立租约时提出收取按金要求,否则无权再问。
(2)业主可以收取的按金不能超过第一个月租金的一半。
(3)作为租客必须在租约开始实行三十天内缴付按金。如果你没依例而行,业主可以给予一个月通知然后终止租约。
(4)按金用於租客支付修理费。

何时业主可进入已出租的房屋:
(1)出租房屋发生紧急事故,例如火警、水淹、或喉管爆裂
(2)租客在家并且同意业主进入
(3)租客没有通知业主但迁走
(4)业主持有租务审裁处或法庭发出有关的命令
(5)业主给予不少于24小时及不多于72小时的通知要进入出租房屋并且给予一个合理解释为什么要进入。而预约进入时间必须在早上8时至晚上9时之内,除非得到你的同意。

租客可否更换房屋门锁?
作为租客你是不可以随意更换门锁,除非你得到租务审裁处的命令。因为如果有紧急事故发生而你又不在家或不能立即开启门户,紧急应变人员是可以破门而入,而你必须负责事后修补门户的费用。一般,业主会在房屋入口摆放紧急锁匙箱,那么紧急应变人员不需破坏门户便可进入。而业主是不能在紧急锁匙箱内取出锁匙自行进入的。

何种情况需做紧急维修?
(1)喉管或屋顶严重漏水
(2)食水管或污水管污塞或损坏
(3)中央或主要暖气系统损坏
(4)坏锁而令任何人无需锁匙可以进入屋内
(5)可能会导致房屋或财物损坏的问题

租客的权力:
(1)租客有权留客住宿(非牟利的)
(2)如果租客的健康或安全因房屋问题受到危害,租客有权要求进行维修。 如果尝试两次无法接触业主或业主代表,并且在等候一段合理时间后仍没回音的话,租客可以自行处理事故,或找人进行维修。
(3)退租时房屋完好无损,租客有权取回按金。
(4)有权拒绝不合理加租 (一年应一次)。

租客的义务:
(1)按时缴纳房租。
(2)要保持出租房屋整洁及维持起码卫生水平。
(3)租客或租客的客人损坏房屋设施,有义务负责修缮。
(4)遵守租约其他规定。

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出租的房子按内部结构大致可分为:

单人房(Single room):单人间,同他人共用厨房、浴室 等,主要在私人住宅屋内。

单人套间(Bachelor):单人间并带厨房、浴室 ,主要在 公寓内。

一卧室套间(One bedroom):一睡房,一客 厅,一厨房、 一浴室

两卧室套间等(Two bedrooms):两睡房,一客 厅,一厨 房、一浴室

三卧室套间等(Three bedrooms):三睡房,一客 厅,一厨 房、一浴室

从房子的外表可分为多层楼式的公寓房(apartment)和一至三层左右的私人住屋(house)。公寓多由专门的公司管理。

租房广告中常见的简写


电器 appl. = appliance
单人套间,供一个人居住的公寓,有厨房和浴室(没有睡房) bach. = bachelor
单人套间别名studio
房屋bldg.
地库bsmt. = basement
浴室bath. = bathroom
靠近(某些设施)cl. = close to
睡房B.R./bdrm = bedroom
方便conv. = convenient
地板fl.or flr. = floor
带家具furn. = furnished
不带家具unfurn. = unfurnished
车房gar. = garage
即时imm. = immediately
包括incl. = included
厨房kit. = kitchen
lge. = large
起居室L.R. = living room
nr. = near
停车位pkg. = parking
担保ref. = referer
一边相连dup. = duplex
sm. = small
分租sub. =sublet
套房ste. = suite
水电设施util. = utility

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加拿大租房和约样本

Residential Tenancy Agreement (British Columbia)

THIS AGREEMENT made the _______ day of ________________, _________.
BETWEEN (use correct legal names):
_______________________________________________________________________________
(referred to in this agreement as \\\"the tenant\\\")
AND
_______________________________________________________________________________
(referred to in this agreement as \\\"the landlord\\\")


1. Address of residential premises
The address of the premises to be rented is located at ________________________________
(Apt./Suite no.)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(Street address) (City and province) (Postal code)

2. Address for service
The address for serving notices and documents and the telephone number of the landlord or landlord\\\'s agent is:
_____________________________________________________________
(Name, if different from landlord)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(Apt./Suite no.) (Street address)
_____________________________________________________________________________
(City and province) (Postal code) (Telephone number)

3. Term of agreement
The term of this agreement will be as follows:
This will be a
[ ] daily or week-to-week tenancy which will begin on __________________________, _______.
[ ] month-to-month tenancy which will begin on ________, _______.
[ ] fixed term tenancy which will begin on __________, and end on _______.

If the tenancy is for a fixed length of time, at the end of the fixed time -
[ ] the tenancy may continue on a month-to-month basis or for another fixed time.
[ ] the tenancy will end.


4. Rent
The rent will be $_________________ [ ] per week, [ ] per month, and must be paid on or before the ________________ day of each [ ] week [ ] month. The first [ ] week\\\'s [ ] month\\\'s rent will be payable on ________________.

The tenant must pay the rent on time. If the rent is late, the landlord may issue a Notice to End a Residential Tenancy to the tenant, which may take effect not earlier than 10 days after the date the Notice is given.

5. Included in the rent
The following items, appliances, and services are included in the rent: (Check only those things that are included and provide additional inFORMation if required.)
[ ] water
[ ] electricity
[ ] heat
[ ] stove
[ ] oven
[ ] refrigerator [ ] dishwasher
[ ] furniture
[ ] window coverings
[ ] carpets
[ ] laundry facilities
[ ] cablevision [ ] garbage collection
[ ] parking for _____ vehicle(s)
[ ] sewage disposal
[ ] sheets and towels
[ ] other:
________________________________
The landlord must not take away or make the tenant pay extra for a service or facility that is already included in the rent.

6. Security deposit
The landlord acknowledges receiving from the tenant the sum of $_______________ on _________________(date) as a security deposit.
The landlord agrees
(i) that the security deposit must not exceed one half of the monthly rent payable for the residential premises,
(ii) to keep the security deposit during the tenancy and pay interest on it in accordance with the Residential Tenancy Act, and
(iii) to return the security deposit and interest to the tenant within 15 days of the end of the tenancy agreement, unless
(a) the tenant agrees in writing to allow the landlord to keep an amount as payment for unpaid rent or damage, or
(b) the landlord applies for arbitration under the Residential Tenancy Act within 15 days of the end of the tenancy agreement to claim some or all of the security deposit and interest.
The tenant agrees to use the security deposit and interest as rent only if the landlord consents.

7. Rent increases
Once a year, the landlord may increase the rent for the existing tenant. The landlord may only increase the rent 12 months after the date that the existing rent was established with the tenant or 12 months after the date of the last lawful rent increase for the tenant, even if there is a new landlord or a new tenant by way of an assignment. The landlord must use the prescribed Notice of Rent Increase FORM available from any office of the Residential Tenancy Branch or Government Agent.

A landlord must give a tenant 3 whole months notice, in writing, of a rent increase. For example, if the rent is due on the 1st of the month and the tenant is given notice any time in January, even January 1st, there must be 3 whole months before the increase begins. In this example, the months are February, March and April, so the increase would begin on May 1st.

If the tenant thinks the rent increase is unjustified the tenant may talk to the landlord or contact the Residential Tenancy Branch for assistance. If the issue is not resolved, the tenant may apply for arbitration under the Residential Tenancy Act within 30 days from the date of receipt of the Notice of Rent Increase.

A landlord must give a tenant of a manufactured home pad 6 whole months notice, in writing, of a rent increase. If the tenant thinks the rent increase is unjustified, the tenant may talk to the landlord or contact the Residential Tenancy Branch for assistance. If the issue is not resolved, the tenant may apply for mediation by the Manufactured Home Park Dispute Resolution Committee.

8. Assign or Sublet
The tenant may assign or sublet the residential premises to another person with the consent of the landlord. If this tenancy agreement is for a fixed length of 6 months or more, or is solely for the rental of a manufactured home pad, the landlord must not arbitrarily or unreasonably withhold consent to assign or sublet. Under an assignment a new tenant must assume all of the rights and duties under the existing tenancy agreement, at the same rent. The landlord must not charge a fee or receive a benefit, directly or indirectly, for giving this consent.

If a landlord unreasonably withholds consent to assign or sublet or charges a fee, the tenant may apply for arbitration under the Residential Tenancy Act.

9. Repairs
(a) Landlord\\\'s Duties:
The landlord must provide and maintain the residential premises and residential property in a reasonable state of decoration and repair, making the residential premises and the residential property suitable for occupation by a reasonable tenant. The landlord must comply with health, safety and housing standards required by law.
If the landlord is required to make a repair to comply with the above duties, the tenant may discuss it with the landlord. If the landlord refuses to make the repair, the tenant may seek an Arbitrator\\\'s Order under the Residential Tenancy Act for the completion and costs of the repair.
(b) Tenant\\\'s Duties:
The tenant must maintain ordinary health, cleanliness and sanitary standards throughout the residential premises and residential property. The tenant must take the necessary steps to repair damage to the residential premises and residential property caused by a wilful or negligent act or omission of the tenant or invited guests of the tenant. The tenant is not responsible for reasonable wear and tear to the residential premises.
If the tenant does not comply with the above duties, the landlord may discuss the matter with the tenant and may seek a monetary order through arbitration under the Residential Tenancy Act for the cost of repairs, serve a Notice to End a Residential Tenancy, or both.
Emergency Repairs:
The landlord must post the name and telephone number of the designated contact person for emergency repairs.
The tenant must make at least two attempts to notify the person designated by the landlord, and give a reasonable time for completion of the emergency repairs by the landlord.
If the emergency repairs are still required, the tenant may undertake the repairs and deduct the cost from the next month\\\'s rent, provided a statement of account and receipts are given to the landlord. The landlord may take over completion of the emergency repairs at any time.
Emergency repairs must be urgent and necessary for the health and safety of persons or preservation of property and are limited to
(i) major leaks in the pipes or roof,
(ii) damaged or blocked water or sewer pipes or plumbing fixtures,
(iii) repairs to the primary heating system, and
(iv) defective locks that give access to the residential premises.

10. Occupants and Invited Guests
(a) The landlord may not stop the tenant from having guests in the residential premises under reasonable circumstances. If the number of permanent occupants is unreasonable, the landlord may discuss the issue with the tenant and may serve a Notice to End a Residential Tenancy. Disputes regarding the notice may be resolved through arbitration under the Residential Tenancy Act.
(b) If the tenant lives in a hotel, the landlord may impose reasonable restrictions on invited guests and reasonable extra charges for overnight accommodation of invited guests.

11. Locks
Neither the tenant nor the landlord may change or add a lock or security device (for example, a door chain) to the residential premises unless both agree, or unless ordered by an arbitrator. In an emergency, the landlord may change the lock on the main door of the residential property and the tenant may change a defective lock on the residential premises and promptly provide the other party with a copy of the new key.

12. Entry of Residential Premises by the Landlord
(a) For the duration of this tenancy agreement, the residential premises are the tenant\\\'s home and the tenant is entitled to privacy, quiet enjoyment and to exclusive use of the residential premises.
(b) The landlord may enter the residential premises only if one of the following applies:
(i) the landlord gives the tenant a written notice which states why the landlord needs to enter the residential premises and specifies a reasonable time not sooner than 24 hours and not later than 72 hours from the time of giving the notice;
(ii) there is an emergency;
(iii) the tenant gives the landlord permission to enter at the time of entry or not more than one month before the time of entry for a specific purpose;
(iv) the tenant has abandoned the residential premises;
(v) the landlord has the order of an arbitrator or court saying the landlord may enter the residential premises;
(vi) the landlord is providing maid service to a hotel tenant at a reasonable time.
If a landlord enters the residential premises illegally, the tenant may apply for an Arbitrator\\\'s Order under the Residential Tenancy Act, to change the locks for the residential premises and keep the only key. At the end of the tenancy, the tenant must give the key to the residential premises to the landlord.

13. Ending the Tenancy
(a) The tenant may end a month-to-month tenancy by giving the landlord at least one month\\\'s written notice. The landlord must receive the written notice before the day the rent is due, for the tenant to move out at the end of the following month. This notice must be in writing and must
(i) include the address of the residential premises,
(ii) include the date the tenancy is to end, and
(iii) be signed by the tenant.
For example, if the tenant wants to move at the end of May, the tenant must make sure the landlord receives written notice on or before April 30th.
(b) The landlord may end the tenancy only for the reasons and only in the manner set out in the Residential Tenancy Act. The landlord must use the prescribed Notice to End a Residential Tenancy FORM available from the Residential Tenancy Branch.
The landlord and tenant may mutually agree in writing to end this tenancy agreement at any time.

14. Landlord\\\'s Obligation to Give Tenancy Agreement to Tenant
In order for the landlord to insist on the perFORMance of the tenant\\\'s obligation to pay rent under the tenancy agreement, the tenant must receive a copy of this agreement promptly, and in any event not later than 21 days after the agreement was entered into.

15. Application of the Residential Tenancy Act
The terms of this tenancy agreement and any changes or additions to the terms may not contradict or change any right or duty under the Residential Tenancy Act or a regulation made under that act and to the extent that a term of this tenancy agreement does contradict or change a right or duty under the Residential Tenancy Act or a regulation made under that act the term of this tenancy agreement is void.
Any change or addition to this tenancy agreement must be agreed to in writing and initialled by both the landlord and tenant and must be reasonable. If a change is not agreed to in writing, is not initialled by the landlord and tenant or is not reasonable it is not enforceable.

16. Arbitration of Disputes
Despite any other provision of this tenancy agreement, under the Residential Tenancy Act a tenant has the right to apply for arbitration to resolve a dispute.

17. Additional terms
Write down any additional terms which the tenant and the landlord agree to. (Additional pages may be used.)___________________________________ ________________________
Landlord signature Date
___________________________________
___________________________________
Tenant signature Date
__________________________________
___________________________________
Tenant signature Date
__________________________________
___________________________________

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租房信息来源
在加拿大的大城市, 租房信息非常广泛, 以下是一些主要渠道:
(1)
报纸广告. 综合性报纸的分类广告中都有专门的租房分类, 中英文报纸都有. 还有专门的租房刊物放在街头和超级市场入口处供免费取用.
(2)
互联网络. http://info.eclife.net通过综合性网站的房地产频道或者专门的房地产网站, 可以相当方便的检索租房信息. 甚至能够通过以地区﹑价格和房间数作为关键词高效率的查询出结果.
(3)
通过朋友介绍. 如果有些朋友要搬家, 而他/她的住房又符合需要, 通过他推荐到房东续租, 通常认为推荐是可靠的, 往往会享有低租金. 有些房东不愿登广告, 只是请亲朋好友在私下介绍.
(4)
实地考察. 另外一些房主不愿登广告, 干脆在房屋外面写上此房出租”(vacancy For Rent). 这对愿意跑的人可以在理想的社区找到中意房屋.

2 .
选择租房的原则
(1)
是否离自己和家人工作地点很近, 交通是否方便. 新移民刚到加拿大, 没有自己的汽车, 要依靠公共交通, 一般要选择交通便利的地方;
(2)
是否离小孩上学的地方很近, 学校的教学质量如何. 有些父母为找到一所好的学校, 千方百计搬到这个社区;
(3)
房屋的租金是否合理, 公用事业费用是否包括在内, 自己是否能够承受. 另外要交的押金是多少;
(4)
房屋结构和设备是否符合租客的使用要求, 房屋是否陈旧. 如果出租空间很大, 自己要的很小, 则可以与朋友合租, 称为Share
(5)
房东对租客有什么要求. 一般来说以种族﹑肤色﹑性别﹑年龄﹑残疾﹑有无小孩等理由拒绝出租房屋是违反加拿大个人权利与自由法令. 但是房东有权提出不吸烟﹑不养宠物﹑少油烟(中国人做饭的味道太大)和租期的要求. 根据有关调查, BC95%的业主不希望租客养宠物. 加拿大人一般都希望长租而不是短租;
(6)
看出租的房屋是否带家具, 提供家具的房子价钱比不提供家具的要贵. 但对经常搬家的人, 自己添制家具相当不便;
(7)
适当考虑出租房屋的外围环境和商业气氛, 离开日常购物中心有多远.

3.
房屋租约
根据加拿大的法律, 房东与租客之间必须签订一个书面租约以保证双方利益. 各省房屋出租法律Tenancy Act不一, 政府提供的租约样本也有差别. 一个BC省的租约样本见附录租房协议”. 如果租约与法律有?W, 则与法律为准.
一般租约应该包括下列条款:
(1)
每月应付租金的数额和日期;
(2)
租约期限;
(3)
所需押金数额(用以支付住客造成的损坏);
(4)
租金内包括的各项服务和设备;
(5)
在租屋内居住的人数;
(6)
有关宠物的限制.
签订租约前租客应该肯定自己明白并同意租约条件. 签订后各保留一份副本. 一般租期为1年或以上. 租约到期而双方没有任何通知, 则其有效期自动顺延1.
租客有责任遵守租约内的各项规条, 包括:
(1)
修理由租客本人或其客人造成的损坏;
(2)
在墙上或地板上打针眼﹑装螺丝﹑油漆﹑贴墙纸等, 均须事先获得业主许可;
(3)
居住人数不得超过租约内订明数目;
(4)
保持寓所整洁安静.
值得注意, 许多华人房东不愿意签订书面租约, 可能与租金收入税有关, 但是对租客保障权利要差些. 不过政府的房屋出租法律还是能够保护租客. 在无书面租约情况下, 至少应取得房东在特别需要时开出租居的保证. (租客需要用该证明办理一些手续)
4.
租金和押金
(1)
弄清租金的构成范围. 标准租金包括冷热水供应﹑厨房使用和冰箱. 有的租金可能包括停车场﹑洗衣机房﹑电力和暖气. 一般独立房屋地层的租金包括各种费用, 公寓内的费用则分项计算, 有的可选择是否需要;
(2)
如果一些公用事业费用由自己支付, 则需要自己安排接通这些服务, 其手续费计算在第一个月的账单内;
(3)
租金一般是按月计算, 在每个月的第一天或者月底支付, 支付方式随房东不同而异. 一些房东希望现金支付;
(4)
房东在加租之前必须提前给3个月书面通知租客. 并且每年只能加租一次;
(5)
在入住时, 通常需要付相当于半个月到1个月房租的押金, 过高的押金则是不合理的. 该押金在退房时扣除使用房屋的修补和损失费用后退回.

5.
迁入新居准备
(1)
入住前房东应以书面承允他负责各项修理﹑粉饰或提供贮物地方;
(2)
入住前最好要求房东做一份检测报告, 以保证自己毋须负责那些在搬入前已经存在的损坏. 租客可自己写这份报告并要求房东签字, 然后将一份副本附于租约上.

6.
业主入屋权
(1)
房东不经租客同意随便进入租客的住所属于违法. 房东已于2472小时前发给书面通知或是获得租客同意则可以进入;
(2)
在发现火警或者水管破裂等紧急事件时, 房东可不事先经租客同意便可进入租客住所.

7.
维修责任
(1)
如出租房屋出现房顶漏水﹑厕所管道堵塞﹑无热水等情况, 法律规定房东及时维修的义务;
(2)
如租客和其客人损坏房屋内部结构和非正常消耗房屋内设备, 则租客须支付维修费用.

8.
驱逐和迁出
(1)
房东有权驱逐租客(Eviction), 但须发出书面通知并说明理由. 如租客不同意该理由, 可提出异议并寻求租客权利保护团体的法律协助;
(2)
租客有权提出迁出, 但退租须提前1个月(有的省规定3个月)发出书面通知给房东. 如租客在租约期满前迁出, 须缴付补偿费用;
(3)
如租客能另外找到住户马上搬进来代替自己, 并在租约更换名字, 也许可马上搬走而不受到处罚;
(4)
租客搬出时应把租住房屋清理干净, 包括厨房和卫生间油腻和污垢, 可能依照租约还要清洗地毯和窗帘;
(5)
双方讨论房屋使用是否有损失, 为此达成赔偿责任, 在扣除赔偿后房东应该在15日内把押金和利息退还租客.

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请到新分区发布信息!谢谢!